A Creagh-Osborne WWI Tank or Aircraft Compass, Type II, Pattern 259A compass, serial number 1047 on a later stand.

The WWI RFC Brass Creagh-Osborne Type II, Pattern 259A compass, designed by Captain Frank Creagh-Osborne, played a crucial role in aerial navigation during World War I. Captain Creagh-Osborne (1867-1943) was a pioneering inventor and Superintendent of Compasses at the British Admiralty who contributed significantly to the development of navigation technology for both maritime and aerial applications.

Creagh-Osborne's career began in the Royal Navy, which he joined in 1881. Over the years, he became a leading figure in compass innovation, introducing numerous advancements that improved the accuracy and reliability of navigational instruments. His expertise was instrumental in the transition from traditional maritime compasses to those suitable for the unique challenges of aerial navigation.

The Type II, Pattern 259A compass was used extensively by the Royal Flying Corps (RFC) and was one of his most notable designs. This compass became a standard piece of equipment in various aircraft, including the iconic Sopwith Camels, starting from 1915. Its robust design and precision made it indispensable for pilots navigating the often treacherous skies of the war.

They were manufactured by H. Hughes & Son Ltd and the Sperry Gyroscope Company. These compasses featured innovations that allowed them to function effectively despite the vibrations and rapid movements of aircraft. The collaboration with these manufacturers ensured that Creagh-Osborne's designs were produced to the highest standards, meeting the rigorous demands of wartime aviation.

In addition to the Type II, Pattern 259A, Captain Creagh-Osborne's work included various other models tailored for different applications, both on land and sea. His contributions extended beyond compass design, influencing broader aspects of navigation and aviation technology.